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Hungarian Freedom Party
The Hungarian Freedom Party ((ハンガリー語:Magyar Szabadság Párt); or simply Freedom Party), was a short-lived right-wing political party in Hungary between 1946 and 1947, it strongly opposed the Communist takeover. The party was revived for a short time during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and after the end of communism in 1989–90.
==History==
Despite the fact that the Independent Smallholders' Party (FKGP) won a sweeping victory in the November 1945 parliamentary election, the party was forced to enter a coalition with the left-wing parties, including Mátyás Rákosi's Hungarian Communist Party (MKP), which was the only kind of government acceptable to the Soviet-dominated Allied Control Commission (SZEB) led by Marshal Klement Voroshilov. The FKGP's gains were gradually whittled away by the Communist Rákosi's salami tactics. At first the right-wing branch of the FKGP became the first victims of the Communist pressure. Dezső Sulyok and his supporters were forced out of their party on 10 March 1946. Fifteen expelled party members founded a new party called the Hungarian Freedom Party on 15 March 1946. The Allied Control Commission has taken note and allowed the foundation on 24 July 1946.
Dezső Sulyok was elected leader of the Freedom Party, while Vince Nagy and István Vásáry became deputy leaders. Several prominent politicians, such as Dezső Pattantyús-Ábrahám and Győző Drozdy also joined the party. Sulyok presented the party’s programme on 24 July. The cornerstones of the programme were maintaining neutrality and independence of Hungary, and ensuring the democratic rights and principles of parties. There was increased friction between the Freedom Party and Smallholders' Party as the latter was increasingly becoming controlled by the Communists, who accused the Freedom Party with "fascist and reactionary", however Sulyok's group distanced themselves from the previous Horthy era and the Arrow Cross Party government, in addition to strong opposition to the proletarian dictatorship.
The Hungarian Freedom Party became the most diligent opponent to the Soviet influence, trying to shed light on the antidemocratic actions of the Communist Party. In the summer of 1947, in the presence of Soviet arms, Hungary prepared for a new election. Upon the result of the peer pressure of the pro-Soviet Left Bloc parties, the parliament made further steps away from the Western democracies and towards a Soviet-type system that elections were held. They took place on the basis of a new electoral law (called "Lex Sulyok"), which excluded about 466,000 people (almost a tenth of the electorate) from the vote on grounds of membership in the "pre-war fascist parties". Thus Dezső Sulyok and most of the Freedom Party leadership, who formerly members of the governing national conservatist Unity Party then Party of National Unity, which parties claimed by the Communists as "fascist and reactionary"), were unable to participate in the 1947 parliamentary election. Protesting against the new election law, the Freedom Party dissolved itself on 21 July 1947. Several leading members, including Sulyok and Nagy fled the country and emigrated, while others retired from the politics or joined other parties, such as Hungarian Independence Party (MFP) and Independent Hungarian Democratic Party (FMDP).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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